Medical Photography is a specialised area of photography that involves the documentation of the clinical presentation of patients, medical and surgical procedures, medical devices and specimens from autopsy.The practice requires a high level of technical skill to prevent misleading information that may cause misinterpretation. The photographs are used in clinical documentation, research, publication in scientific journals and teaching.
The sciences were quick to realise the merits of photography because of its perceived ability to present an objective image of what was seen. This solved a problem of representation by artists who were asked to produce illustrations only from description or highly influenced by the interpretation of physicians and surgeons.
Dr. Reed. B. Bontecou, a physician and soldier from New York, took a camera to the American Civil War (1861–1865) and photographed wounded soldiers as well as documenting treatments, surgeries and working conditions of the physician.
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